In English grammar, the bare basic fundamentals are the parts of speech. This week, we will be analyzing the parts of speech of different writing passages from stories and find ways to accurately apply these parts of speech in your writing.
The Alchemist:
“Even though I complain sometimes it (his heart) said, it’s because I am the heart of a person, and people’s hearts are that way. People are afraid to pursue their most important dreams because they feel they don’t deserve them, or that they won’t be able to achieve them. We, their hearts, become fearful just thinking of loved ones who go away, or of moments that could have been good, but weren’t, or treasures that might have been found but were forever hidden in the sands. Because when these things happen we suffer terribly.”
“My heart is afraid it will have to suffer,” said the boy.
“Tell your heart that the fear of suffering is worse than the suffering itself. And that no heart has ever suffered when it goes in search of its dreams because every second of the search is an encounter with God.
When I have been truly searching for my treasure every hour has been luminous because every hour has been a part of the dream. When I have been truly searching for my treasure I discover things along the way that I never would have seen had I not had the courage to try things that seemed impossible to achieve.
Everyone on earth has a treasure that awaits them. Unfortunately very few follow the path laid out for them. They just go along and see the world as a threatening place, and because they do, the world does indeed turn out to be a threatening place. We, their hearts, speak more and more softly for we don’t want people to suffer because they don’t follow their hearts.”
“Why don’t people’s hearts tell them to continue to follow their dreams?” asked the boy.
“Because that’s what makes hearts suffer most, and hearts don’t like to suffer.”
“What you still need to know is this: Before a dream is realized, the soul of the world tests everything that was learned along the way. It does this so that we can, in addition to realizing our dreams, master the lessons we’ve learned as we’ve moved toward that dream. That’s the point at which most people give up. That’s the point, as we say in the desert, that one dies of thirst just as the palm trees have appeared on the horizon. Every search begins with beginner’s luck and ends with being severely tested. The darkest hour of the night comes just before the dawn.”
Tell Tale Heart:
Presently I heard a slight groan, and I knew it was the groan of mortal terror. It was not a groan of pain or of grief --oh, no! --it was the low stifled sound that arises from the bottom of the soul when overcharged with awe. I knew the sound well. Many a night, just at midnight, when all the world slept, it has welled up from my own bosom, deepening, with its dreadful echo, the terrors that distracted me. I say I knew it well. I knew what the old man felt, and pitied him, although I chuckled at heart. I knew that he had been lying awake ever since the first slight noise, when he had turned in the bed. His fears had been ever since growing upon him. He had been trying to fancy them causeless, but could not. He had been saying to himself --"It is nothing but the wind in the chimney --it is only a mouse crossing the floor," or "It is merely a cricket which has made a single chirp." Yes, he had been trying to comfort himself with these suppositions: but he had found all in vain. All in vain; because Death, in approaching him had stalked with his black shadow before him, and enveloped the victim. And it was the mournful influence of the unperceived shadow that caused him to feel --although he neither saw nor heard --to feel the presence of my head within the room.
The Secret Garden:
When Mary Lennox was sent to Misselthwaite Manor to live with her uncle everybody said she was the most disagreeable-looking child ever seen. It was true, too. She had a little thin face and a little thin body, thin light hair and a sour expression. Her hair was yellow, and her face was yellow because she had been born in India and had always been ill in one way or another. Her father had held a position under the English Government and had always been busy and ill himself, and her mother had been a great beauty who cared only to go to parties and amuse herself with gay people. She had not wanted a little girl at all, and when Mary was born she handed her over to the care of an Ayah, who was made to understand that if she wished to please the Mem Sahib she must keep the child out of sight as much as possible. So when she was a sickly, fretful, ugly little baby she was kept out of the way, and when she became a sickly, fretful, toddling thing she was kept out of the way also. She never remembered seeing familiarly anything but the dark faces of her Ayah and the other native servants, and as they always obeyed her and gave her her own way in everything, because the Mem Sahib would be angry if she was disturbed by her crying, by the time she was six years old she was as tyrannical and selfish a little pig as ever lived. The young English governess who came to teach her to read and write disliked her so much that she gave up her place in three months, and when other governesses came to try to fill it they always went away in a shorter time than the first one. So if Mary had not chosen to really want to know how to read books she would never have learned her letters at all.
What are your personal goals and dreams? What is getting in the way of them? What kind of plan do you have to achieve them and overcome the obstacle
I flew above the mountains and under the clouds.
He told me to be there at 10 or 11 O'clock.
He jumped over the chair and landed on the ground.
I will go from California toward Europe.
The meeting starts at around 2 and ends at 9.
Prepositions
Prepositions: Words that are used to indicate time and location.
To, from, towards, over, under, above, below, around, for, at, on, in, etc.
Example: I will put the plate on the table. (location)
I will go from Austria toward Switzerland. (location)
I placed the box under the chair. (location)
I will be there at 10 O'clock. (time)
8 sentences or use a total of 8 prepositions.
They'll never find my hiding spot.
You've been caught red handed stealing cookies from the tray.
Don't be disruptive during class.
I've had to listen to boring lectures all day.
Couldn't you pay attention in class.
Wouldn't they get the joke.
We've gone the wrong way.
I'll be waiting for an answer.
i would'nt wish the iron maiden on my worst enamy.
i haven't seen that yet.
i'll never go there again.
if you let her go she'll kill us all.
you aren't going to kill me.
i've been saving this just for you.
i wont help you.
i can't help you.
he'll go to the market but i'll go to the zoo.
They've thought about going to the movies.
He's always getting mad.
I don't know what to expect.
The guy doesn't leave the house.
He wasn't happy because his dog ate his shoes.
He isn't happy about his performance.
They weren't happy about what they got.
This doesn't make sense.
I've got some money but I haven't collected all of it
I'll have you know that I've seen a lot of celebrities, some well known celebrities at that and even met most of them but I haven't seen a MLB player and I probably won't notice them so I'll most likely never meet one.
Texas was a cool trip but we didn't win the semi finals because I got injured
I haven't ate this morning.
My grandma hasn't gone shopping yet.
I've done a lot of stuff today.
I'll pay you back when i get the money.
I can't play PS4 right now.
She'll go to the store tomorrow .
I wouldn't go to the store if i was sick.
I won't do nothing but sleep after school.
he'll go to the zoo but i'lll get a drink of water
Contractions
Where you take a word or two words and condense them using an apostrophe.
Example: I’ve, she’ll, he’ll, won’t, can’t, shouldn’t, wouldn’t, haven’t, hadn’t, hasn’t, I’ll.
What are you splitting with the apostrophe?
I’ve= I have I’ll= I will He’ll = he will Can’t= Cannot Hasn’t= Has not
Examples in a sentence:
He’ll go to the store next week.
He will (What we split)
I’ll give you $18 for Pokemon cards.
I will (What we split)
You will be writing 8 sentences using contractions.
They tried escaping the haunted house but they got lost after awhile they managed to escape after they retraced there steps. The principal caught the student running in the halls when he wasn't supposed to be running. The dog was chasing the cat around the yard trying the catch the cat but the cat was faster then the dog.
the duck swims happly. the man is eating faster then his kids. the man ran in to a parked car. the cat steals my seat. i slip on my sandls
The techer wanted his student to be more quintessentiol. The car sped through traffic.
The man ran faster than a car. The cats chased eachother around fiercely. The man worked tirelessly through the night.
He ran quickly while trying to get away from the dog.
He quietly asked me to leave.
The man rapidly swam away from the shark.
The man was running slowly.
I greedily ate all of the cake.
The man flew faster than the plane.
The fastfood was shipped from Popeyes .
The car was moving slowly on the freeway.
The motorcycle is faster than the dirtbike.
THe dog ran faster then the human.
Adverbs
Adverbs: Describes a verb and how an action was done or took place.
Example: The man was running faster than the group.
The man ran slowly.
The slowly moving van blocked the freeway. ( The moving word is considered a gerund-- meaning it is a verb that is acting like an adjective)
The car raced faster than the motorcycle.
Note: the adverb can describe a verb/action, or it can describe an adjective.
Write 5 sentences using adverbs
The kind lady did a good deed, she was wore a beautiful crimzen red dress with some long high heel boots and had long black into brown tranzishened hair. The beautiful picture of the sunset was taken on the beach and got complete when they positioned the palm trees to be in the amazing view. The baby husky had pure snow white fur with to beautiful eyes one eye is a sapphire blue while the other eye is an emerald green and to finish off the cuteness with a small pink nose.
He got bodied on the wood floor. He lives in a uglie house. The cats ate all the cat food. The bank robber wore a red ski-mask. The kid in the mcdonalds was being loud.
My small cats tried to knock over the big tv. The bank robbers car was too fast for the cops. The two black speakers make really loud music.
He banged his head against the glass door. They live in a beautiful house. The stupid dog ate all the food. Some guy was wearing a red hat. The kid was being really obnoxious.
The small cat jumped at the big dog. The cost of the car was way to high. A dog covered in mud makes a mess in a car.
The green dog tried running away.
The red cat ate all the cat food.
The blue horse tried to ride a bike.
The orange moose had 12 babies.
The purple mouse tried to fly.
The painter did very well on the artwork
The is food is eggsquisusite
The ps4 player is not that good.
Scooby doo ate all the horse radishes and did the dishes.
The dog, cat wanted to go to the store and a horse can ride a bike.
The man play baseball and he still lost the game.
I am going to buy the new 2k or the MLB game.
I have yet to see somebody fly.
I didn't want an apple nor an orange.
I wanted to get a game, but it was sold out.
I want to play video games and sleep
Adjectives
Adjectives: We use adjectives to describe a person, place, thing, or idea. It helps us be specific about the thing we are talking about and describe things more accurately.
Example: The tall man was not able to make a slam dunk. (Tall is the adjective) (Dunk is acting as a noun, therefore, slam is also an adjective)
The light-brown dog ran across the green park with a small bone.
( The adjective usually appears just before the subject or the objects in a sentence)
Adjective Phrases
The man was exceptionally great at his artwork.
(exceptionally great at his artwork is used as an adjective phrase to describe the man)
(great is the main adjective)
(Adjectives do not necessarily have to be single words-- they can also be phrases)
The beauty in the sunset lit up the island.
(In this case, the beauty in the sunset is a noun phrase acting as an adjective to modify the island.)
Writing task: Write 5 sentences using adjectives to describe a subject or object.
Write 3 sentences using adjective phrases to describe a subject or object.
i havent played thief or ac syndicate yet nor have i played any ac game after 3 so im going to work hard and make my parents want to buy it but its going to take mounths.
when i was eating food i was not done and nor was my friend
when i was shopping for takis there were not there or some Doritos
when i was going on a road trip my lil brothers would not stop saying are we there yet.
when i went to the store i saw a boy and his mom.
i was playing 2k20 but so was my cousin
Today I went to the store and bought a apple. Whilst I was running to the store I ran into someone but I told them I needed to go.Once I was in the store I had to choose if I wanted apples or cheese or bacon.I didnt want cheese nor did I want bacon so I choose a apple.When I was walking back home I saw a food truck so I bought a taco.But I still wasnt home yet.
and so
did i do good on putting nor, or, and, but, and yet in a sentence
I am going to buy madden 21 and 2k21
I should've been here at 8 but there was a 4 hour layover in vegas
I won't eat anything alive nor will I eat something that isn't normally eaten
I have yet to see a bugatti car
I want to go to the NBA or the NFL
jim bob the third but yet jimmy ate steve
i own fornite and rainbowsixseige
Conjunctions
Like --- and, but, or, nor, so, yet
And: You use and when you are talking about more than one thing or listing out more than one thing.
Example: I went to the park and the store.
Comma usage: I went to the park, the store, and the gas station. (And always goes at the end of the list or the appropriate conjunction) The use of and here finishes off the list.
I went to the park. Then, I got an apple and an orange, celery, and a pineapple at the store. (This use of comma after apple and an orange is to indicate that these are categorized as one item and celery is a separate item).
I went to the store to get grape juice, and then I found out they were completely sold out. (This connects a independent clause with a dependent clause)
Or: We use or when we are trying to contrast between two opposite things. These are often choice based or decision based things.
Example: I have two choices: either I go home, or I figure out how to pass this class.
Comma usage: There are many choices: I can go home, I can eat or not, or I can go back to class. (I can eat or not in between commas is to show that this is a category of decision as opposed to different decisions) Or at the end is being used to indicate the end of the choices/options/decisions.
Yet: We use yet to show contrast in time or timed events. It is also used when we are talking about something that will certainly happen in the future, but has not arrived or come at the moment.
Example: I paid for my ice cream, yet it still hasn’t arrived after 20 minutes.
I have yet to believe that a chicken will take over KFC.
I haven’t received the money, yet.
Nor: We use nor when we are applying it in the sense of “also” or “along with”
Example: I don’t have a Toyota, nor do I have a Nissan.
I won’t eat a chipmunk, nor will I eat a parrot.
But: We use but to show contrast between two opposing ideas or to show that something else is missing.
Example: I was originally mad, but I figured out a way to calm down.
You said I had 3 days to submit my work, but now you’re saying I only had 2?
me and friend have known each other for a long time so she bought me a ring cuz we are friends it will come soon but its not gonna be here just yet, its not gonna be here today or tomorrow nor is it gonna be here after tomorrow cuz it will be here in november. I'm pretty sure that she said that it was gonna be here on november 1. But, what i'm gonna do in the meantime is wait.
i had an amazing time over at the ladies farm or something like that cuz she had horses but i'm pretty sure that its called a ranch
Aiden: A cat is trying to get a blanket off the bed and now she's about to knock an Oompa Loompa off the stool.
I got to ride a horse an she is a white horse and the lady and i were talking and having a good time the horses name is diamond. I'm pretty sure that diamond is a white horse but i'm still not certain because she could be a black horse I am not for sure on that. But, I did get to ride diamond and that was still fun.
I went to the store and bought an orange and some chips
A possum tried to take the food off the table and the soda. Then, I got an apple.
i went a store an the manger looked stupid
me and my dog rid a horse
Ian: I went to the store and bought an applesauce pack and a PS5
I went to the restaurant and ordered a burger and fries and for desert i ordered an a drink.
I went to the store and bought an apple and a video game.
Today I go to Texas for a basketball tournament and I get to go to an NFL players house and stay the night there.
Articles: A, An, and The (a, an, and the)
Use: To indicate the subject or object in a sentence.
Example: A chicken, an apple, the squirrel.
Use of A: (A, a) is used when we are referring to a general subject or object in a sentence. It means there is more than one of that subject or object. One out of many.
Example (situation when we use a): If I have many pennies in a jar and I am not referring to a specific penny, but just generally one out of many pennies, then I will say, “I took out a penny” This means I just chose one out of many and was not referring to any one penny in particular.
Use of The: (The, the) is used when we are referring to a very specific subject or object in a sentence. It means that out of many things, there is only one we are specifically talking about. It is not a general subject or object; it is a very specific one.
Example (situation where we use the): If I have many pennies in a jar, but I want to refer to a specific penny, excluding all the others, then I will say,“ I took out the penny you wanted.”
Use of An: (An, an) is used when the general subject or object we are referring to begins with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u, ou, au, ai, ei, eu etc.)
Example (situation where we use an): If I am referring to a general object or subject that starts with a vowel, I will then use an and say, “I got an apple for you.” We do this because of Gestural Economy-- the rate of speech is fluid, fast, and has minimal pausing.